Delaware Colleges SAT Score Comparison for Admission

The West A History, Volume 2, And Power - 1611 Words

Merriam-Webster defines government as, â€Å"the act or process of governing; specifically: authoritative direction or control† and power as the, â€Å"ability to act or produce an effect.† In Europe 1715-1914 governmental power shifted and changed multiple times. Thomas Paine s critique of absolutism illustrated best the mutation of governmental power from 1715-1914 through his presage of future successful governments, such as Great Britain and France, who continued to procure thriving economies after modifying their governing bodies by decentralizing power from monarchs to representative governments. To begin, it is important to understand the distinctions between these political thinkers and their ideologies. Between 1715 and 1914 the†¦show more content†¦Communism is a, â€Å"socialist movement that advocates the destruction of capitalism and the development of a new classless society of freedom,† (Backman, G-4). Accordingly, the governing power lies in a single party encompassing all citizens who have common ownership in land, and equal opportunity to benefits that eliminates the state as a whole. In Marx’s writing he expounds on his opinion that, â€Å"the history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles† (Marx, sec. 1 par. 1). To abrogate these struggles, Marx proposes a set of demands including but not limited to: a progressive income tax, elimination private property, and free public education, which he believes would generate a classless society (Marx, sec. 2). In simplest terms, Marx’s theory was a utopian society in which the state provides for the needs of all of its subjects equally. Marx’s theory is superior to absolutism in its desire is to provide for its subjects, however, is an unattainable reality that exists outside the bounds of human nature. Between the times of Machiavelli and Marx, is political theorist Thomas Paine, the writer of the 1776 pamphlet, Common Sense. Democracy is a form of government that allows for its citizens to participate in the governance of the state (Backman, G-5). Thus, in a democratic society government power lies with the people who areShow MoreRelatedCivilization:The West and the Rest by Niall Ferguson1388 Words   |  6 PagesIn this intricate time, Niall Ferguson, the author of Civilization: The West and the Rest, presents a story and what appears as a defense of the ascend of the west to supremacy and its unrivalled influence in restructuring the world of today. The West seems to be on the defensive, confronted economically, political ly, and militarily by the rise of China (delete this: as well as politically along with militarily) by a gesture of Islamist abhorrence (what do you mean by â€Å"as well as politically andRead MoreClash of Cultures1027 Words   |  5 PagesClash of Cultures Anthony Reyes, History/110 August 21, 2013 Clash of Cultures Native Americans and Colonist had sophisticated differences with so many factors, adding West Africans to the new world would contribute to even more catastrophic events to the three cultural groups during the changeover, the a chronologic and historical event leads to what is known today as the â€Å"Clash of Cultures.† Native Americans and Colonist at Jamestown Jamestown, sits in the fort of Virginia whereRead MoreAn Introduction To The Nation of Germany903 Words   |  4 PagesAmongst the population the growth rate is estimated at -.2 percent, which is one of the lowest growth rates in the world. (CIA World Fact book, 2012) After the decline and fall of the Roman Empire, the Franks conquered what was left of the Germanic tribes. (Wikipedia, 2012) In 843 the Frankish were divided among Charlemagne’s heirs. In 962, Otto I became the first emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, the medieval German state. (â€Å"History of Germany†, 2012) After 1517 Martin Luther led aRead MoreImapct of Colonialism on Africa889 Words   |  4 PagesIMPACT OF COLONIALISM ON AFRICA In this view of the circumstances that existed during history in regards to colonial Africa. I venture to examine how colonialism is viewed, introducing you to a variety of texts which expose you to different views and debates about what Africa may well have been like today, had the colonization never taken place. The African resistance to colonialism put another perspective on the colonization of Africa by the Europeans and the Western influence Africa faced.Read MoreEssay on Jamaica: History, Government, People, Religion1238 Words   |  5 PagesJamaica: History, Government, People, Religion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jamaica is a tropical island, located in the heart of the Caribbean Sea. Around the coastlines are beautiful beaches with crystal clear blue-green water. In some respects, this is the majority of what people know about Jamaica. In this orientation text you will better understand Jamaica’s history, the people who live there, the many different religions, geography, and governments that have ruled the land.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The land of Jamaica is veryRead MoreJamaican History Essay1309 Words   |  6 PagesJamaica: History, Government, People, Religion Jamaica is a tropical island, located in the heart of the Caribbean Sea. Around the coastlines are beautiful beaches with crystal clear blue-green water. In some respects, this is the majority of what people know about Jamaica. In this orientation text you will better understand Jamaicas history, the people who live there, the many different religions, geography, and governments that have ruled the land. The land of Jamaica is very small. TheRead MoreViews On Humanity. As The Human Race Evolves, Some Evolutions1661 Words   |  7 Pagesendure the effects of war as well. Economics was a driving force for some countries to rule with the influence of imperialism. Humanity further defines imperialism as â€Å"a depraved choice of national life, imposed by self-seeking interest.†[footnoteRef:2] The greatest driving force of imperialism was the desire for colonies, by tightening their control and establishing localized governments.[footnoteRef:3] Some argued that industrial capitalism produced an excess of capital that was unable to find anyRead MoreAnalysis Of Joel A. Rogers1190 Words   |  5 Pagesgreatest achievement was his writing on racist depictions on people of black ancestry, which acknowledge the history of black people in America and around the world. Rogers worked for many African American newspapers where he published 100 Amazing Facts About the Negro (1934), Crisis:The Suppression of Negro History (1940), Sex and Race Volume 1 (1941), Sex and Race, Volume 2 (1942); Sex and Race, Volume III (1944); World’s Great Men of Color ( 1946),and Africa’s Gifts to America (1961)(4). In addition toRead MoreEssay on Industrialization After the Civil War952 Words   |  4 Pageshierarchical and bureaucratic because these large firms involved complex operations that needed to be organized. Besides vertical integration, this period also involved horizontal mergers, which fueled fears of monopoly power. (Ballam, 1994). Steam power began replacing water power, allowing factories to be built far away from water sources. Steel became the basic building material for machinery instead of wood and iron, thanks to the Bessemer process, therefore machines became larger and more resilientRead MoreThe Lord Of The Rings1469 Words   |  6 PagesTzvetan Todorov, the author of The Fantastic: A Structural Approach to a Literary Genre, defined fantasy as â€Å"the creation of a moment of hesitation between two worlds†(qtd. Kelly, Course Introduction 2). This description of the genre compliments J.R.R Tolkien’s The Lord Of The Rings trilogy due to the author’s use of sub-creation to construct his alternate world. Tolkien believed that the way to create a believable, all-encompassing world was to combine fragments of reality, or the â€Å"primary world†

International Business for Political Economy in Trade & Investment

Question: Discuss about theInternational Businessfor Political Economy in Trade Investment. Answer: The concept of globalization and the theories of international trade are greatly discussed in this paper. Globalization refers to the organizational processes developed through the international influence. Theories of international trade focus on the trading of goods and services upon human interaction (Hill, Cronk Wickramasekera, 2010). Globalization is seen to extend at a high rate and it is significant in Australias income which is a country featured in the international business. On the other hand, theories of international trade suggest that nations should focus on trading with other nations. In this case, trading is beneficial and governments need to focus and trade. Therefore, this paper focuses on the government treatment to restrict and facilitate trade. Governments use several barriers to trade such as quotas, tariffs, and non-tariffs. To start with tariffs, they are taxes which the government imposes on imports. The government aims to make imports more expensive than the local goods (Anderson Strutt, 2012). Quotas refer to the limits designed on the number of products set for imports in a certain duration of time. The limitation operates in the favor of local producers minimize the importation of the competitive products as they protect against products dumping (Ravenhill, 2017). Finally, the non-tariffs are introduced to focus on products manufacturing and quality. Non-tariffs are also viewed as the product standards. There are various economic and political reasons why trade and investment barriers are set. To start with the economic reasons, the government targets to increase the assimilation of financial markets to facilitate consistency in the trading practices (Cohn, 2015). Also in case, there is an increase in the global capital inflows as well as international trade the government should impose trade barriers. The political reasons such as the anti-global groups require trade barriers to protect the multinational businesses. In addition, trade barriers are put to avoid imports from the low wage countries which create a downward pressure on the nations. Governments adopt strategies such as bilateral, multilateral, and regional which helps in overcoming international trade. The multilateral mechanism is featured mostly among the nations which exchange tariffs preferences as it is non-discriminatory (Aggarwal Urata, 2013). The bilateral mechanism involves free agreements of trade where nations swap trade concessions. It helps to overcome trade barriers by addressing issues such as insecurity, intellectual property, and investment. Moreover, the regional mechanism provides the government with an opportunity to advance on liberalization and free trade. The World Trade Organization (WTO) facilitates trade through various ways. For instance, the organization aims to ease the border processes. This ease allows easy release as well as clearance of goods. The organization is obliged to assist the nations to engage in negotiations which concern national development. WTO has various implications such as assisting the goods and services producers, importers, and the exporters in running their businesses (O'brien Williams, 2016). This firm is also seen as an organization for opening trade. It creates a platform where organizations can negotiate and agree on trade activities. Also, it helps in settling disputes involving trade and also outlines the trade rules which need to be followed. Reply to a Friends Post In reply to my friends post, there are several economic and political reasons that the Australian government may apply to trade barriers. This step is common to any country as there is need to take care of its citizens on the basis of promoting local entrepreneurs. Australia adopts political regulations which concern trading with other countries. Politically, Australia needs to make a hard decision on controlling the situations in the local market through imposing trade barriers. Therefore, the barriers allow and limit the importation of various goods and services. Products such as the arm related materials, natural gas, steel, and sea products are restricted in Australia. However, there may be sudden changes which may result in competition in Australia. In addition, the Australian government may impose trade barriers to open doors to implement free trade with other countries such as New Zealand. Trade barriers also help in regulating prices of products imported in Australia. Through trade barriers, the Australian government can increase its revenue from the domestic investments. The economic reasons are that through trade barriers, the Australian government can achieve economic goals by protecting against local resources. In regard to the political reasons, trade barriers help the policymakers in maintaining imports at a low guarantee of political independence. Finally, the social reasons indicate that the Australian government can reach its social objectives through trade barriers. For instance, quotas and tariffs help to minimize the public consumption of unhealthy products. Therefore, trade barriers facilitate public awareness of the products for consumption. References Aggarwal, V., Urata, S. (2013). Bilateral trade agreements in the Asia-Pacific: Origins, evolution, and implications. Routledge. Anderson, K. Strutt, A. (2012,). The changing geography of world trade: Projections to 2030, Journal of Asian Economics, 23 (4) Cohn, T. (2015). Global political economy. Routledge. Hill, C.W.L., Cronk, T. Wickramasekera, R. (2010). The Political Economy of Trade Investment. In C.W.L., Hill, T., Cronk R., Wickramasekera (Eds). Global Business Today:? Asia Pacific Edition (2nd Ed.) (pp. 96-145), North Ryde: McGraw Hill. O'brien, R., Williams, M. (2016). Global political economy: Evolution and dynamics. Palgrave Macmillan. Ravenhill, J. (2017). Global political economy. Oxford University Press.

Foundational psychology Learning Methods

Question: Discuss about the Foundational psychology Learning Methods. Answer: The following essay is going to analyze a given scenario and understand the issue presented in it. The main concern of the following essay would be to evaluate the entire scenario considering the form of operant conditioning, which is considered as one of the most convenient learning methods for modifying strength of an individuals behavior. The goal of the present paper would be therefore to propose most possible interventions for the scenario and at the same time determine whether the intervention method of operant conditioning would be suitable for the scenario or not. The thesis statement of the following essay would be to establish that for the given scenario, operant conditioning as an approach for behavioral change would be most convenient for the given scenario. The scenario is indicative of the fact that a primary teacher is suffering from indifferent behavior and lack of response from her students. From the case, it has been understood that the teacher cannot accomplish her teaching goals as the students are not attentive and focused on the class. It can be said that such an atmosphere would possibly lead to worse learning outcome and bad reputation for Jane. Prior to analyze the strength and weakness of the proposed approach, it is essential to identify the range of behaviors in the class room presented in the given scenario and therefore a brief analysis of the scenario is found to be necessary. According to the given case study, a primary teacher Jane is finding it hard to engage her students into the classroom activities. The scenario refers that almost each of Janes primary students who belongs to the age group of 10-12 years is indifferent towards the classroom activity and does not care to participate in any of the classroom discussions. It has been understood that one of the most persistent as well as typical behaviors displayed by the students of Jane in the case scenario is the boycotting or withdrawing attitude. The case scenario indicates that the student always keep quiet and never participate in any of the classroom activities. On the other hand, it has been understood that there is a slight tendency of having general perva sive mood of unhappiness. Beside, the aforementioned attitude of the students, which is inattentiveness, it has been also found that another typical behavior of the students is their tendency of staring at their teacher, when they are asked to answer any question. The particular attitude of the students is indicative of the fact that they have the disruptive behavior of refusing to follow the instructions of the educator (Martin Pear, 2015). Furthermore, it is to say that through the tendency of not answering any question is a sign of disrespect towards the teacher too. On the other hand, the case of Jane is indicative of the fact that students do not complete their homework and show unwillingness to do the class assignments. Therefore, it can be said that in the behaviors displayed by the students in the case scenario, there is the hint that the students are possibly have inability to build as well as maintain any kind of satisfactory interpersonal relationship with the teachers (Chicas-Mosier Abramson, 20 15). It can be also perceived that there is probably a slight inability among the students to learn properly in the classroom or response to the instruction of the teacher. After considering the behaviors of the students listed in the given scenario, it is understandable that the teacher is in immediate need of a list of effective teaching and learning techniques. Specifically for the considered case, it can be said that the teaching and learning techniques of operant conditioning may prove efficient. Operant conditioning is considered to be a procedure of learning that involves the technique of giving rewards or punishment for modifying behaviors of the students (Bouton, 2014). According to Edward Thorndikes study and his developed percept of law of effect and voluntary behavior, punishment and reward are two key aspects, which determine behavioral change in a human individual (McSweeney Murphy, 2014). The percept of voluntary behavior has been further expanded by B.F Skinner, who has given a name to the classical conditioning and indicated that learning is a kind of function of transformation in overt behavior (Ruan Wu, 2013). The current scenario t hat has been considered for the present paper is indicative of the fact that there is a need to change the behavior pattern of the students of Jane, so that acquires positive attitude towards the class. Therefore, it can be said that there is the need for reinforcement apparently. If the teacher would not get the expected behavior then following the theoretical framework of operant conditioning, the aspect of punishment would be required. With the help of reinforcement, the teacher Jane can positively strengthen the behavior of the students towards learning as it has been pointed out above the students are probably suffering from an inability to make satisfactory interpersonal relationship with the teacher. The recognized behavior pattern is indicative of the fact that both positive and negative reinforcement would be required. The positive reinforcement technique would help the teacher to increase the level of participation in the classroom activities (Huston et al., 2013). With the help of positive reinforcement the students will be given anything pleasant after an appropriate or expected behavior. On the other hand, the positive reinforcement would also provide the chance of con tinuing the expected behavior (Loovis, 2016). Besides, positive reinforcement, there is the requirement for the technique of negative reinforcement too. The predominant concept of negative reinforcement says that in order to take anything unpleasant or to remove any inappropriate content from a behavior, there is the need for a strong action (Gentile et al., 2014). The concept further indicates that the process of taking away an unpleasant content from the behavior is for the reason to acquire the acceptable or required behavior. The particular technique of operant conditioning is convenient in increasing positive behavior and satisfaction (Kelder et al., 2015). In order to accomplish the aforementioned techniques, three particular methods should be applied, which are shaping, extinction and generalization. The application of shaping would help both Jane and her students in teaching and learning new styles of expected behavior though the method of applying reinforcement of behavior. After each application of reinforcing behavior al trend, the complexity or difficulty level of the tasks to acquire proper behavior gets change (van Slooten et al., 2013). On the other hand, though the procedure of extinction, the teacher Jane can prohibit repetition of any kind of undesired behavior. Through this method of reinforcement, Jane can proactively stop any aspect that would cause the repetition of any kind of wrong behavior or can completely diminish it. If the aforementioned concepts of operant conditioning and the procedures would be considered by the teacher of the case scenario, then there would be requirement of another process, which is generalization. In the process of generalization, the students will properly learn when and in which contexts the learned behaviors should be applied (van Slooten et al., 2013). The process of generalization proves most helpful in continuing the expected behavior of the students, so that they can accurately meet the learning outcomes of their individual class. However, in this context, it can be also suggested that the technique of positive and negative punishment should be also applied on the student, if Jane would find it difficult to acquire the expected behavioral outcome after the application of reinforcement. It can be expected that both the negative and positive punishment techniques would help in removing any unpleasant behavior if the procedure of generalization would not work as per the expectation (Bosworth Judkins, 2014). Nevertheless, the teacher should keep in mind the fact that in several cases, it has been found out that student prefer to avoid teacher who gives them punishment instead of the improvising their flawed behavior (Debeer et al., 2014). Therefore, the techniques of positive and negative punishment should be applied only when the abovementioned technique of generalization would fail to accomplish Janes aim of improving her students behavior. Nonetheless, in this respect, it is significant to identify and evaluate the strengths and weakness of the considered and suggested procedures of operant conditioning. The fundamental principle of operant conditioning is to control behavior with the help of a list of consequences. The predominant principle of operant conditioning is dependent upon four key concepts, which are positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment and negative punishment. The advantage of applying varied techniques of operant conditioning is modification or desired improvement of the behavior is pursued in a systematic way (Bosworth Judkins, 2014). With the help of positive and negative reinforcement, a teacher can easily establish pleasant behavior among the students and at the same time can maintain it by taking away the negative behaviors. On the other hand, through positive or negative punishment, teachers can maintain the modified behavior and can stop intervention of any unpleasant behavior by the fear of having punishment (Debeer et al., 2014). However, several disadvantages are also there, which can prohibit the accomplishment of the fundamental goal of operant conditioning. The disadvantages are mainly related to the application of positive and negative punishment. With the application of positive or negative punishment, the students can start ignoring the teachers rather than modifying their behavior. Moreover, several times it has been understood that the students start lying in order to avoid punishment. Further, the application of punishment may create anxiety or undesirable attitude among the students. In this respect, if the theory of Kohlberg would be considered then it can be said that morality is the aspect that should be taught to the students initially. Kohlberg says that in order to grow proper behavior in a child there is the need to consider three levels, which are pre-conventional morality, conventional morality and post conventional morality (Peters, 2015). In level one with the help of obedience and punis hment behavior and individual interest are grown and in the second level, interpersonal behavior is built (Brabeck, 2016). Finally, in level three, behaviors are drawn by the use of social contract and universal ethics. Therefore, it seems that in operant conditioning there is no such definite way to drive the behaviors of the students in a way that would increase the internal moral principles. However, it should also considered that through applying reinforcement style along with the punishment techniques, level 1 and 2 of Kohlbergs theoretical framework can be accomplished. On the other hand, if Banduras social learning theory can be considered in this context, then it can be said that the conceptual frameworks of operant conditioning has not given much priority about the significance of observational learning. Banduras theory suggest that in order to establish proper behavior, there is the need for observational learning through which students can learn about an expected behavior through imitation as well as modeling (Renkl, 2014). The theory underpins that an expected behavior is determined by the integration of cognitive and physical and environmental factors (Kelly, 2015). Therefore, it can be said that one of the major disadvantages of operant conditioning is it does not consider one significant aspects of human behavior that is the cognitive development. Nevertheless, considering the given case study it is to say that the scenario has not given any hint about the fact that the students are suffering from moral development. On the other hand, in th e positive and negative reinforcement techniques, there is the scope for applying observational learning. In positive reinforcement, the teacher can help the students in imitating her attitudes to achieve behavioral goals. Henceforth, it is to contemplate that the evaluated methods of operant conditioning would not be completely fruitless for the given scenario. It should also be considered that with the application of the theoretical techniques of operant conditioning would bring a huge behavior change in the classroom of Jane, which can be both positive and negative. Finally, it is to recommend that initially, Jane should start with applying the reinforcement techniques and should give priority to both positive as well as negative reinforcement. If the teacher finds that the theoretical practice of generalization is not working as per the anticipated result, then Jane should adopt both the negative and positive punishment strategies. In order to avoid the probable adverse impact of punishment, the teacher should consider discussing about the application of punishment strategies with the students and with their parents. It would help Jane in effectively applying the techniques with the consent of the parents. It is to further recommend that if the primary need of the In the conclusion, it can be said that from the above discourse, it has been understood that the students of the given scenario are mainly having the typical behavioral disorders like lack of attention, trend of withdrawal, indifferent and inability to make interpersonal bonds. According to the essays analysis about the given case scenario, the teacher desires to change the typical attitude of the students and increase their encouragement level so that they can become more participative. The above essay is indicative of the fact that the condition of Jane can be changed if she will apply the methods of operant conditioning. However, the essay has also indicated that adverse outcome may also take place with the application of punishment technique of operant conditioning. However, the paper has also indicated that the application of the punishment technique should be applied only when one of the techniques generalization would fail. The essay has argued about the fact that the punishm ent technique of the operant conditioning does not prove fruitful all the time and has also argued that operant conditioning does not properly prioritize the observational learning. The essay has finally suggested that operant conditioning techniques would be convenient for Jane though she would have to analyze whether there is need for applying the techniques of punishment or not. References Bosworth, K., Judkins, M. (2014). Tapping into the power of school climate to prevent bullying: One application of schoolwide positive behavior interventions and supports.Theory Into Practice,53(4), 300-307. Bouton, M. E. (2014). Conditioning and Learning. Brabeck, M. (2016). Moral Judgment: Theory and Research on.An Ethic of Care: Feminist and Interdisciplinary Perspectives, 33. Chicas-Mosier, A. M., Abramson, C. I. (2015). A new instrumental/operant conditioning technique suitable for inquiry-based activities in courses on experimental psychology, learning, and comparative psychology using planaria (Dugesia dorotocephala and Dugesia tigrina).Comprehensive Psychology,4, 09-IT. Debeer, E., Raes, F., Williams, J. M. G., Craeynest, M., Hermans, D. (2014). Operant conditioning of autobiographical memory retrieval.Memory,22(3), 171-183. Gentile, D. A., Groves, C. L., Gentile, J. R. (2014). The general learning model: Unveiling the teaching potential of video games.Learning by playing: Video gaming in education, 121-142. Huston, J. P., de Souza Silva, M. A., Topic, B., Mller, C. P. (2013). What's conditioned in conditioned place preference?.Trends in Pharmacological Sciences,34(3), 162-166. Kelder, S. H., Hoelscher, D., Perry, C. L. (2015). How individuals, environments, and health behaviors interact.Health behavior: Theory, research, and practice, 159. Kelly, J. (2015). Using Structured Positive And Negative Reinforcements To Modify Student Behavior In An Educational Setting In Order To Achieve Student Academic Success. InEDULEARN15 Proceedings(pp. 1039-1041). IATED. Loovis, E. M. (2016). Behavior management.Adapted Physical Education and Sport, 6E, 101. Martin, G., Pear, J. J. (2015).Behavior modification: What it is and how to do it. Psychology Press. McSweeney, F. K., Murphy, E. S. (2014).The Wiley Blackwell handbook of operant and classical conditioning. John Wiley Sons. Peters, R. S. (2015).Moral Development and Moral Education (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. Renkl, A. (2014). Toward an instructionally oriented theory of example?based learning.Cognitive science,38(1), 1-37. Ruan, X., Wu, X. (2013). The skinner automaton: A psychological model formalizing the theory of operant conditioning.Science China Technological Sciences,56(11), 2745-2761. van Slooten, J., Wilbertz, G., Sterzer, P. (2013). Does punishment influence conscious visual perception? A study of binocular rivalry using operant conditioning.Perception ECVP abstract,42, 180-180.